Where Are The Animals Kept On Mother Base

Chickens | Pigs | Cattle | Turkeys | Aquaculture

Chickens

The United States raises and slaughters about ten times more birds than any other blazon of creature. Approximately nine billion chickens are killed for their meat every year, while another 300 one thousand thousand chickens are used in egg product. All birds—meat chickens, egg-laying hens, turkeys, ducks, geese and others—are excluded from all federal beast protection laws. By sheer number, these are the animals nearly urgently in need of protection. The ASPCA is working actively with companies that buy or raise chickens to encourage the adoption of college-welfare practices.

Many people do non realize that the breed of craven used for modernistic egg production is different than the breed used for meat production. If you put them side by side to each other, they wait almost nothing alike! Each has been selectively bred for hyper-product: egg-laying hens for loftier egg book, and "meat" chickens for rapid growth and maximum breast meat yield. Both types suffer from physical problems brought on by genetic option for these traits. Read our study [PDF] to larn more nearly the negative impacts of selective breeding in the craven meat industry.

Chickens Raised for Meat ("Broiler" Chickens)

Most all meat chickens are raised indoors in large sheds containing 20,000 chickens (or more) crowded together on the shed floor. Due to the high concentration of birds living atop of their own waste without adequate ventilation, high ammonia levels develop—irritating optics, throats and skin.

Modernistic chickens await very trivial similar their wild chicken ancestors. Thanks to selective breeding—combined with low-dose antibiotics, excessive feeding and inadequate exercise—nearly industrially raised meat chickens grow unnaturally quickly and disproportionately. While their breasts grow large to see marketplace need, their skeletons and organs lag behind. Many suffer heart failure, trouble breathing, leg weakness and chronic pain. Some cannot support their ain weight and get crippled, unable to achieve food and h2o.

To keep them eating and growing, industrial farms restrict chickens' sleep by keeping the lights on almost all the time. As they grow, meat chickens become crowded together, competing for space. This constant interaction makes sleep fifty-fifty harder [PDF]. As chickens die, their bodies are sometimes left among the living, adding to the stress and unhygienic conditions.

Quick Facts

• In 1925, it took 16 weeks to raise a chicken to ii.5 pounds. Today, chickens counterbalance double that in just half dozen weeks!
• According to the Academy of Arkansas [PDF], if humans grew at a like rate, a 6.6-pound newborn baby would weigh 660 pounds after two months.
• Chickens experience REM slumber, which is associated with dreaming. Unfortunately, on factory farms, lights are kept on almost all day and night to encourage more than eating (and growth), which means chickens are chronically sleep-deprived [PDF].

      Progress for Chickens

• Consumers are getting savvy virtually misleading labels on chicken meat. Learn well-nigh various claims and certifications with our Chicken Characterization Guide.
• Some companies are developing policies and making commitments to address the effects of fast growth rate. Check out all of the companies that worked with the ASPCA to commit to higher-welfare practices.
• Many companies accept already adopted certification programs that require adequate infinite, more natural lighting cycles and enrichment for birds. Learn nigh welfare-certified and plant-based chicken brands on our Shop With Your Heart Grocery List.

Egg-Laying Hens

The roughly 330 million egg-laying hens [PDF] in the U.S. are by and large raised in long, windowless sheds containing rows of stacked "battery cages." Up to ten hens are packed together in one wire cage roughly the size of a file drawer. The frustration of living in such unnatural weather leads to abnormal pecking behavior and cannibalism. To "fix" this trouble, the industry burns or cuts off a portion of hens' sensitive beaks. With cages stacked and birds crowded together, workers may not be able to access or see all their birds, leaving sick or injured hens to suffer or die.

Since eggs are laid only by females, what happens to the males? Half of the chicks hatched in this industry are male person, but there'due south no market for male person chicks born with egg-layer genetics since they're tedious-growing and lanky, then they are killed at the hatchery.

Hens whose egg production drops due to historic period are either killed on farm or sent to slaughter. Some farms will withhold proper nutrition for upward to 2 weeks to shock the bird's torso into a molt to kickstart a last laying cycle.

The ASPCA is working actively with companies that buy eggs or raise hens to encourage the adoption of college-welfare practices.

Quick Facts

• Battery cages provide less flooring space per bird than a regular viii½" x 11" sail of paper.
• The European union banned battery cages in 1999 (allowing a 12-yr phase out flow).

Progress for Hens

• Consumers are becoming savvy to misleading labels on eggs. Larn more than nigh what various claims and certifications mean with our Egg Characterization Guide.
• Some states are banning the use of battery cages and even the auction of eggs from caged hens. See where your state stands on confinement bans.
• Hundreds of companies have ready policies to go 100% muzzle-complimentary [PDF].
• Many companies have already adopted certification programs that ban cages, address de-beaking, and require more infinite, nest boxes, perches and other enrichments. Learn nearly welfare-certified and constitute-based egg brands on our Shop With Your Heart Grocery List.

Pigs

The U.S. raises around 120 million pigs for food each year, the vast majority [PDF] of whom are raised in arid crates or pens at industrial-scale facilities without fresh air or sunlight. They live on hard, slatted floors that do not suit their natural urge to root. Ammonia fumes rise to dangerous, uncomfortable levels due to high concentrations of waste. The ASPCA is working actively with companies that purchase pork or raise pigs to encourage the adoption of higher-welfare practices.

Pigs tend to exist curious and intelligent animals, and then barren surroundings can cause frustration exhibited in aberrant beliefs like tail-bitter. To "fix" this, the manufacture has adopted a common do of cutting off a portion of pigs' tails and/or their teeth, without painkillers.

Virtually female breeding pigs (sows) in the U.S. spend their reproductive lives bars to a gestation crate. These crates are barely bigger than the sow's body and prohibit her from turning around. Sows are artificially inseminated and kept in their gestation stalls until a few days before delivering, at which fourth dimension they are moved to equally restrictive farrowing crates to give birth. They remain there while nursing their young, and so are placed dorsum in their gestation crates and re-inseminated. This bicycle continues for several years, until the sows are no longer as productive and are sent to slaughter.

Quick Facts

• In natural environments, about 24 hours before giving nascence pregnant pigs will leave their social grouping to collect branches and soft materials to build a nest. The mother will stay isolated in her nest with her newborns for the first week, which allows her to develop a stiff bond with her piglets.
• Both male and female person pigs are raised for food.
• Pigs are as smart as or smarter than most dogs. They are i of only a few species Americans consider suitable for both keeping as pets and raising for nutrient.

Progress for Pigs

• Consumers are condign savvy to misleading labels on pork. Acquire more almost what diverse claims and certifications mean with our Pork Label Guide.
• Some states accept banned the use of gestation crates and fifty-fifty banned the sale of pork from animals kept in cages, or those born to mothers kept in cages. Meet where your country stands on solitude bans.
• Dozens of companies accept explicitly banned gestation crates from their supply chains, and many companies are working with the ASPCA to adopt welfare certifications.
• ​Many companies have already adopted certification programs that ban cages, address certain physical alternations, crave more than spacious and enriched group housing, and offer pigs adequate bedding and nesting materials. Learn about welfare-certified and plant-based pork brands on our Store With Your Heart Grocery List.

Cattle

Cattle are raised and processed across several distinct industries with differing practices and welfare concerns. The ASPCA is working actively with companies that raise cattle or buy their products (beef, dairy or veal) to encourage the adoption of higher-welfare practices.

Beefiness Cattle

Cattle raised for beef are the simply farm animals still raised largely outdoors. Sometime between the ages of six months and 1 twelvemonth, virtually beef cattle are sent to live their last few months in feedlots with hundreds or thousands of others. Without vegetated pasture and often without shelter, the cattle may suffer from digestive distress from existence fed corn and other foods non natural to ruminants, as well equally from oestrus stress, muddy conditions and respiratory issues from grit.

Routine practices that cause pain and distress for cattle include branding and castration. Beef cattle may also often endure several long send events, which are stressful for animals and are inadequately regulated.

Quick Facts

• Studies bear witness [PDF] that cattle are social animals with herd hierarchies and stiff moo-cow-dogie bonds. They can besides distinguish between individual humans—showing fear responses to those who take handled them roughly.
• To increase their weight, beef cattle in feedlots are fed a corn and soy diet that is very difficult on their bodies and tin can cause illnesses, including ulcers.
• Virtually all beef cattle are "grass-fed" because they brainstorm their lives on grass. "Grass-finished" distinguishes those cattle who spend their lives eating grasses and are never sent to a feedlot.

Progress for Beef Cattle

• Consumers are becoming savvy to misleading labels on beefiness. Learn more virtually what various claims and certifications mean with our Beef Label Guide.
• Some companies are developing policies and making commitments to address cattle welfare. Bank check out all of the companies that worked with the ASPCA to commit to higher welfare practices.
• Many companies have already adopted certification programs that ban feedlots or at to the lowest degree crave improved feedlot conditions. Larn about welfare-certified and constitute-based beef brands on our Shop With Your Eye Grocery List.

Dairy Cows

Most cows used for dairy production are kept indoors, with some having access to outdoor physical or dirt paddocks. Many are tethered by bondage or other materials effectually their necks in what are called "tie stalls." Unnaturally high milk production can lead to mastitis, a painful bacterial infection of a cow's udder. Dairy cows often have up to two-thirds of their tails and their horns removed without painkillers.

Just as with humans, cows just produce milk equally a side consequence of giving nativity. To keep the milk flowing, dairy farms artificially inseminate cows once a year. Their gestation menses lasts nine months, then the bulk of most dairy cows' lives are spent pregnant. When a calf is built-in, he or she is removed from the mother—generally that same mean solar day—to brand the mother'due south milk available for drove. This tin be hugely traumatic to mother cows and to their calves. Male offspring are often raised for veal, while females become the side by side generation of dairy cows.

While large-scale dairy operations are typically separate from beef cattle operations, these industries are connected. Dairy cows ordinarily terminate up at beefiness slaughterhouses when, at two to five years of age, their milk production has slowed or they are likewise bedridden or sick to go along in the industry. At that indicate, they are slaughtered for beefiness.

Quick Facts

• Today'due south dairy cows produce between l and 100 pounds of milk per day, which is ten times more than cows living but a few decades agone. This is due to bovine growth hormones, unnatural diets and selective breeding for increased milk production.
• 75% of downed animals—animals who cannot stand and walk on their own—are dairy cows.
• About ix 1000000 cows [PDF] are being used for milk production in the U.S. at any given time.

Progress for Dairy Cows

• Consumers are becoming savvy to misleading labels on dairy. Larn more about what various claims and certifications mean with our Dairy Label Guide.
• States including California, Ohio and Rhode Isle accept banned tail-docking of dairy cows, and we look more than to follow. The American Veterinary Medical Clan and the Association of Bovine Practitioners both oppose tail-docking for lack of prove that it provides benefits.
• Some companies are developing policies and making commitments to accost dairy cow welfare. Bank check out all of the companies that worked with the ASPCA to commit to higher-welfare practices.
• Many companies have already adopted certification programs that ban tail-docking and tie stalls, require outdoor access, and provide guidance to reduce stress and hurting from lameness and weaning. Learn well-nigh welfare-certified and plant-based dairy brands on our Store With Your Centre Grocery List.

Veal Calves

Veal is the meat of young cattle who are usually built-in to dairy cows. As males, veal calves are of lilliputian utilise to the dairy industry, and as a dairy brood, they are inefficient beefiness-producers.

Traditional veal meat was fabricated pale and tender by restricting calves' diets and keeping them in stalls so small they could barely move. Increasingly, calves are housed in groups beginning at about six weeks quondam, but they still lack sufficient space, enrichment, outdoor exercise, solid food and the fulfillment of a basic instinct to suckle.

Quick Facts

• The veal industry would not be without the dairy industry. On industrial farms, calves are generally taken from their dairy-moo-cow mothers within a day of birth to exist raised for meat.
• Veal calves' diets and movements are tightly restricted to go on their muscles from developing, which makes the resulting meat tender.

Progress for Veal Calves

• The use of veal crates has dramatically declined since the American Veterinary Medical Association said that calves should exist able to plow around and the veal industry'due south trade group recommended "that the entire veal industry catechumen to the group housing methodology."

Turkeys

Approximately 240 million turkeys [PDF] are raised for meat in the U.Due south. annually. Like chickens, turkeys suffer from growth-related lameness and are housed in groups on the floors of long sheds where they are denied fresh air, sunshine and pasture. Turkeys as well develop abnormal behaviors in these environments, which can result in cannibalism. The ASPCA is working actively with companies that enhance turkeys or buy turkey to encourage the adoption of college-welfare practices.

Mod, industrially raised turkeys look very little similar their wild ancestors. For i, they are unduly chest-heavy (a issue of genetic choice), reflecting a consumer preference for breast meat. Their unnaturally fast and disproportionate growth causes painful physical ailments and difficulty walking or even breathing.

Turkeys have become then unnaturally asymmetric that they tin can no longer mate with one another. Their bodies, which were but meant to reproduce once per year, are farther damaged by year-round artificial insemination.

Quick Facts

• Between 1930 and 2017, the weight of the boilerplate turkey raised for food in the U.S. more than doubled from thirteen to 30 pounds.
• Turkeys have the innate urge to perch and wing, merely the selectively bred turkeys on factory farms are too big to do then.

Progress for Turkeys

• Consumers are becoming savvy to misleading labels on turkey. Acquire more about what diverse claims and certifications mean with our Turkey Characterization Guide.
• Some companies are working with the ASPCA to adopt welfare certifications.
• Many turkey companies have already adopted certification programs that address certain physical alterations every bit well as the effects of fast growth, and require space, ameliorate lighting and enrichment. Learn near welfare-certified and plant-based turkey brands on our Shop With Your Heart Grocery List.

Aquaculture

At that place is a common misconception that fish and other aquatic vertebrates do not feel pain; notwithstanding, studies demonstrate that they are sentient and capable of both fearfulness and suffering [PDF]. Aquaculture—the farming of fish and other aquatic species—is 1 of the fastest-growing areas of nutrient production, surpassing global beef production. Most one-half of all consumed fish—namely salmon, tuna, cod, trout and halibut—are raised in artificial environments, as opposed to beingness wild-caught, creating a number of welfare concerns.

As on industrial land-based farms, farmed fish are often housed in overcrowded atmospheric condition ripe for injury, disease transfer and stress. Industrial fisheries are reliant on antibiotics to care for the parasites and diseases promoted by these unnatural atmospheric condition.

As there are no regulations around the humane handling of fish, they most often are non stunned before slaughter, pregnant that they are fully conscious. They are killed by bleeding out, blunt strength, suffocation or freezing.

Quick Facts

• Studies repeatedly show that fish behavior, cognition and hurting perception match or exceed other vertebrates.
• Most farmed fish are carnivores and depend on smaller, wild-caught fish for feed. It can take up to four pounds of feeder fish to produce one pound of farmed salmon or other carnivorous fish, significant that in that location's a net protein loss in fish farming.
• The U.South. exports about seventy% of the fish we raise and imports cheaper seafood products for U.S. consumption.

      Progress for Fish

• There is increasing awareness of and concern almost the treatment of fish resulting from contempo investigations and media reports.
• While there are currently no creature welfare certifications that extend to fish and other aquatic species, the ASPCA is encouraging welfare certification programs to develop these standards. In the meantime, constitute-based seafood alternatives are increasingly bachelor and can exist found on the Shop With Your Heart Grocery Listing.

Source: https://www.aspca.org/protecting-farm-animals/animals-factory-farms

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